Name ambiguity and attribution are persistent, critical problems imbedded in the scholarly research ecosystem. The ORCID Initiative represents a community effort to establish an open, independent registry that is adopted and embraced as the industry’s de facto standard. Our mission is to resolve the systemic name ambiguity, by means of assigning unique identifiers linkable to an individual's research output, to enhance the scientific discovery process and improve the efficiency of funding and collaboration.Overall, I think it is a good idea. If properly implemented and widely adopted, ORCID could help solve lots of issues associated with various ways of spelling a person's name due to, e.g., cultural differences. For example, put Chinese way, one's family name comes before one's given name, just the opposite of the western convention. Additionally, when a given name has two characters (quite common), there are could be a space or a hyphen (as I normally put in Xiang-Jun) or nothing in between. Combined with possible first name initials, there are already many ways to spell out a Chinese name.
I am a protein crystallographer myself, so just trust me - the results this gentleman [Murthy] published were falsified, and not in a smart way. The structures [for C3b] deposited in the Protein Data Bank made no physical sense.Accordingly to the post of Kevin Karplus, "several of the PDB files by Krishna Murthy's group were identified as problematic in the RosettaHoles paper". Naturally, then, comes the question, "should we remove ALL the PDB files from Krishna Murthy's group as suspect?"Allegations against UAB group were first brought to light by several prominent people in the field, and not UAB officials:
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v448/n7154/full/nature06102.html
-E Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper. The output is in the form of preprocessed source code, which is sent to the standard output.
Input files which don't require preprocessing are ignored.
I have been using gcc for more than ten years, still there are more handy tricks to uncover.
Here is a simplified example showing the effect of the -E option. The following C function is saved in file "check_gcc_E.c".
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define GREETING "Hello World"
void check_gcc_E(void) {
#ifdef VERBOSE
printf("Macro VERBOSE is defined.\n");
printf("So you see: '%s'\n", GREETING);
#endif
printf("Hello everyone!\n");
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
gcc -E -DVERBOSE check_gcc_E.c
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 1 "check_gcc_E.c"
# 1 "<built-in>"
# 1 "<command-line>"
# 1 "check_gcc_E.c"
void check_gcc_E(void) {
printf("Macro VERBOSE defined\n");
printf("So you see: '%s'\n", "Hello World");
printf("Hello everyone!\n");
}
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gcc -E check_gcc_E.c
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 1 "check_gcc_E.c"
# 1 "<built-in>"
# 1 "<command-line>"
# 1 "check_gcc_E.c"
void check_gcc_E(void) {
printf("Hello everyone!\n");
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Non-covalent interactions between aromatic ligands influence the conformations of metal complexes, and the system [M(OAr)2L2] has been used to investigate the difference between phenyl–phenyl, phenyl–pentafluorophenyl and pentafluorophenyl–pentafluorophenyl interactions. X-Ray crystal structures show that pentafluorophenyl groups adopt partially stacked orientations with the two aromatic rings close to parallel and with significant π overlap. In contrast, phenyl groups are skewed away from each other with only edge-to-face contacts. Phenyl–pentafluorophenyl interactions adopt a coplanar fully stacked geometry. These results have been rationalised on the basis of energy calculations (carried out blind) using a variety of empirical models for treating weak non-covalent interactions. The major cause of the different behaviour of the three systems lies in the electrostatic interactions between the π systems.
